Deficiency in vitamin D and cognitive dysfunction commonly are associated together in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) in both dialysis and non-dialysis patients, vitamin D develop new protective regulatory roles in the functions of CNS. Combination of low levels of vitamin D and CKD can be enrolled for devastating and lead to sever cognitive dysfunction. Patients with CKD mostly associated with Hypovitaminosisand moreover common in elderly patients and related with cognitive decline, one of the hypotheses that CKD patients commonly have a low level of vitamin D and have potential experience in accelerated cognitive decline which rarely link on this topic. Most of CKD patients particularly sensitive for developing in the deficiency of vitamin D. Reduce vitamin D intake, male absorption in compromised GIT patients, loosing of vitamin D binding protein with urine, and α-hydroxylase enzyme reduction in the kidney all are the risk factors included in the causes of 25(OH) D vitamin decrease production.

Aim of study:

assess cognitive function by using one validated score: trial making test B in patients with CKD in both dialysis and non-dialysis.

Patients and methods:

a total of 54 patients with CKD and 57 patients with ESRD on hemodialysis enrolled in this study, where CKD defined as GFR < 60 ml/min by MDRD study. Exclusion criteria include CVA, deaf and blind, and low education patients. Cognitive functions assessment done for patients who are on hemodialysis and non- dialysis by using trial B testing, this second assess spatial scanning concentration and executive function by time measuring that needed to connect the series of numbered that are sequentially and littered circles. Catastrophic shorter time completion with a maximum of 300 second indicates better performance. 25 (OH) D vitamins has assessed from each patients using direct immunoassay method, with assay at 4-110 ng/ml.

Results:

for patients on hemodialysis 27 (39.7%) has deficient 25(OH) D vitamin status 25 (36.7%) insufficient,20 (29.4%) had sufficient vitamin D levels, significant low level in patients on hemodialysis in comparison to those with non-hemodialysis. Trial making test B score was significantly lower in dialysis patients, significant correlation between cognitive function assessment (trial making test B) and low vitamin D level.

Conclusions:

the prevalence of deficiency in vitamin D in CKD especially hemodialysis patients associated with cognitive decline.