ABSTRACT:

This descriptive observational study reports a case of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia in the oral cavity of a pediatric cardiac patient followed up at a public tertiary care hospital. This male patient was five years old, with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, treated with Carvedilol, Furo-semide, Losartan, Warfarin, Montelukast, and beclometasone. His legal guardian reported an in-creased amount of tissue on the floor of the mouth ongoing for approximately 24 hours, followed by prostration, fever, bilateral lymphadenopathy, and a refusal to eat. After removal of the oral infectious foci (carious lesions) in the operating room, regression of the lesion and symptoms was observed, suggesting a diagnosis of a lesion caused by reactional lymphoid hyperplasia, a rareand benign condition in which there is an increase in tissue volume, caused by the proliferation of lym-phoid cells to fight an aggressor agent.