Background:

Early inappropriate antibiotic therapy for the management of urosepsis is associated with higher mortality. Therefore, to establish an adequate empirical therapy is crucial.

Aim:

To determine an optimal antibiotic treatment, adjusted according local bacterial resistance in patients diagnosed with urosepsis secondary to ureteral lithiasis.

Material and Methods:

Urine cultures and blood cultures from a prospective cohort of patients with ureteral lithiasis admitted for urosepsis in our center between November 2013 and May 2016, were reviewed. Patients who presented two or more criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and positive blood or urine cultures were admitted. Antimicrobial sensitivity patters derived from cultures were analyzed to describe bacterial susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics.

Results:

Data from 31 patients were analyzed. Seventeen blood cultures (55%) and 29 urine cultures (94%) were positive. The most commonly isolated pathogens were Escherichia coli in 65% of the cultures, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Enterococcus faecalis. After performing an analysis of sensitivity and resistance for all bacteria in both blood and urine cultures, amikacin showed the highest sensitivity (100%), followed by 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins.

Conclusions:

Amikacin demonstrated higher antibiotic sensitivity in comparison to other antibiotics for empirical management of patients with urosepsis secondary to ureteral lithiasis.