In the case of lung cancer, surgery is the only method of therapy that gives the patient a chance to recover. However, even after radical surgery, up to 50 – 60 % of patients die in the subsequent five years from the disease progression. This study was aimed at identifying the technical particularities of surgery, depending on the side of the lung affected by a tumor and the possibility of applying the methods that improve the results of surgical therapy. The study was performed at the Thoracic Department of the Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary in Ufa and the 1st Surgical Department of the Regional Oncology Center of the Regional Clinical Hospital in Khanty- Mansiysk. The study involved a total of 156 patients (including 148 male and eight female patients). The main result of the study has been the confirmation of the advantages of bronchoplastic surgery, which do not increase post-surgery mortality and improve the post-surgery period, and the relevant principles of preserving surgery.