Factors associated with the route of birth delivery in a city in the Northeast region in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Rasador, Silvane; Abegg, Claides

Abstract Objectives:

to investigate factors associated with the route of birth delivery in a hospital extending public and private healthcare services, in the Northeast region in the State of Rio Grande do Sul.

Methods:

a cross-sectional study with 676 postpartum women, conducted from January to May 2017. The data were collected from the hospital records and women were interviewed shortly after childbirth in the maternity. Data analysis was performed by associating the Pearson's chi-square and the Poisson regression tests with robust variance.

Results:

the prevalence of cesarean sections was 58.7%, that is, 41.7% in public health-care and 83.9% in private healthcare. The main reason for having a cesarean section was having had a previous one (PR=5.69; CI95%=3.64 - 8.90; p<0.001), followed by having source of childbirth financing (PR=1.54; CI95%=1.27 - 1.87; p<0.001), having source of prenatal care financing (PR=1.48; CI95%=1.22 - 1.79; p<0.001), the childbirth and prenatal care professional (PR=1.46; CI95%=1.28 - 1.66; p<0.001) and the prenatal care professional (PR=1.43; CI95%=1.07 - 1.90; p=0.016).

Conclusions:

the high cesarean section rates identified in this study were mainly associated with previous cesarean section. The findings suggest a change in the current childbirth care model in the city, characterized as highly medicalized, focused on the physician and on hospital care.

Resumo Objetivos:

investigar os fatores associados à via de nascimento em um hospital de atendimento misto, público e privado, da região nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul.

Métodos:

estudo transversal com 676 puérperas realizado entre janeiro e maio de 2017. Os dados foram obtidos de registros hospitalares e entrevistas com as mulheres logo após o parto na maternidade. A análise dos dados foi realizada por intermédio do teste de associação do Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta.

Resultados:

a prevalência de cesariana foi de 58,7%, sendo 41,7% no setor público e 83,9%, no privado. Cesárea prévia foi o principal fator associado à realização de cesariana (RP=5,69; IC95%=3,64-8,90; p<0,001), seguido por fonte de financiamento do parto (RP=1,54; IC95%=1,27-1,87; p<0,001), fonte de financiamento do pré-natal (RP=1,48; IC95%=1,22-1,79; p<0,001), profissional do pré-natal e parto (RP=1,46; IC95%=1,28 - 1,66; p<0,001) e profissional do pré-natal (RP=1,43; IC95%=1,07-1,90; p=0,016).

Conclusões:

as elevadas taxas de cesariana identificadas neste estudo foram associadas principalmente à realização de cesárea prévia. Os achados indicam a necessidade de mudança no modelo de assistência ao parto no município, o qual é altamente medicalizado, centrado no profissional médico e na atenção hospitalar.