Caracterización del consumo de medicamentos en el adulto mayor
Characterization of medicine consumption by the elderly

Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr; 35 (4), 2019
Publication year: 2019

Introducción:

La polifarmacia está considerada como un indicador de fragilidad en el adulto mayor.

Objetivo:

Caracterizar el consumo de medicamentos en adultos mayores.

Métodos:

Investigación cuantitativa descriptiva y transversal en el consultorio médico de la familia 7 de San Diego de los Baños durante el 2018, que cumplieron criterios de inclusión y de exclusión. El universo fue de 280 ancianos y la muestra de 265. Los datos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas y de encuestas; las variables investigadas fueron: edad, sexo, polifarmacia, medicamentos prescritos o no y reacciones adversas. Se utilizaron frecuencia absoluta y relativa porcentual.

Resultados:

Predominaron el sexo masculino (52,0 por ciento), las edades 60 - 69 años (46,7 por ciento), la osteoartritis (54,0 por ciento) e hipertensión arterial (32,0 por ciento). La polifarmacia se presentó en 67,9 por ciento de los ancianos; 19,6 por ciento tuvo reacciones adversas que predominaron en los medicamentos prescritos.

Conclusiones:

El consumo de medicamentos en los ancianos se caracterizó por un incremento de la polifarmacia y medicamentos prescritos, asociado a un conjunto de reacciones adversas(AU)

Introduction:

Polypharmacy is considered to be an indicator of frailty in advanced age.

Objective:

Characterize medicine consumption by the elderly.

Methods:

A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at family consultation office No. 7 in San Diego de los Baños during the year 2018. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were complied with. The study universe was 280 elderly people of whom a sample of 265 was selected. Data were obtained from medical records and surveys. The variables analyzed were age, sex, polypharmacy, prescription and over-the-counter drugs, and adverse reactions. Use was made of absolute frequency and relative percentage distribution.

Results:

A predominance was found of the male sex (52.0 percent), the 60-69 age group (46.7 percentr, osteoarthritis (54.0 percent) andhypertension (32.0 percent). Polypharmacy was present in 67.9 percent of the elderly subjects, and 19.6 percent had had adverse reactions mainly caused by prescription drugs.

Conclusions:

Medicine consumption by the elderly was characterized by an increase in polypharmacy and prescription drugs, associated to a number of adverse reactions(AU)

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