Revisión sobre carcinoma vesical de células pequeñas
Small cell bladder carcinoma
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa); 15 (1), 2006
Publication year: 2006
Small cell carcinoma comprises 0.5%-0.7% of the total amount of malignant tumors from the urinary bladder.
There are three main theories regarding its histogenesis:
derivation from some particular neuroendocrine cells; metaplasia which starts from other high-grade malignant neoplasms; or stem cells origin. Clinical manifestations, imaging, and cistoscopy have no specificity. Three histopatological types have been described, sometimes coexisting with another different local neoplasm (usually transitional carcinoma). The anatomicopathological diagnosis relies on immunohistochemical techniques which detect the expression of several markers. Up to 94% and 56%- 67% of the cases present at diagnosis, muscular invasion and metastases, respectively. Mean five-year survival is 8%. Prognosis has been generally linked to the present clinical stage, although there is probability of pre-diagnosis micrometastases, even with apparent confined disease. Surgery without complementary therapy has provided unsatisfactory outcomes. The most generalized option is a combination of surgery plus cysplatinbased chemotherapy. Association of radiotherapy with antineoplastic agents (without radical surgery), as an attempt for bladder preservation, also seems to offer reliability
El carcinoma de células pequeñas supone 0.5% a 0.7% del total de los tumores malignos de la vejiga urinaria.