Physiotherapeutic resources in vaginismus
Recursos fisioterapêuticos no vaginismo
Fisioter. Bras; 21 (5), 2020
Publication year: 2020
Vaginismus consists of involuntary spasms in the external musculature of the vagina, the etiology
of which is still unknown, but there are cases of biopsychosocial factors such as sexual abuse,
strict sex, education, emotional trauma, religious beliefs, low-quality sexual relations, fear of sex,
or even changes of ostemioarticular origin, can lead to this condition, making vaginal penetration
impossible during sexual intercourse, gynecological exams or use of tampons.
Objective:
To highlight as physical therapy practices, their validation for the treatment of vaginismus and to verify the effectiveness of the analyzed practices.Methods:
Systematic literature review carried out through digital bibliographic research on scientific articles published in electronic and electronic journals, randomized clinical trials, with no period between the years 2010 to 2020, in the electronic databases PubMed, Bireme and PEDro.Results:
There was no great variability in the resources used and the studies showed positive and similar results.Conclusion:
Physical therapy proved to be beneficial for cases of vaginismus, with the use of functional electrical stimulation (FES) in an analogue way, pelvic floor muscle relaxation exercises, local desensitization performed with vaginal dilator and massage. However, more research is needed, considering the moderate methodological scores found in the studies analyzed. (AU)
Vaginismo consiste em espasmos involuntários na musculatura do terço externo da vagina, com
etiologia ainda desconhecida, mas há evidências de que fatores biopsicossociais como abuso
sexual, sexo estrito, educação, trauma emocional, crenças religiosas, relações sexuais de baixa
qualidade, medo do sexo, ou mesmo alterações de origem osteomioarticular, podem acarretar
nesta condição, impossibilitando a penetração vaginal em relações sexuais, exames
ginecológicos ou no uso de absorventes internos.