Educational interventions for physical activity among Brazilian adults: systematic review
Intervenções educativas para atividade física em adultos brasileiros: revisão sistemática
Rev. saúde pública (Online); 55 (), 2021
Publication year: 2021
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To summarize the main evidence from educational interventions designed to increase levels of physical activity (PA) among Brazilian adults. METHODS Systematic review of intervention studies carried out in Brazil that implemented educational components aimed at promoting increased levels of PA among adult populations (18 to 65 years old). In October 2020, systematic searches were conducted in six databases, and in the reference lists of the assessed studies. RESULTS Of the initial 2,511 studies, nine were included in the synthesis. Samples with specific characteristics (such as social vulnerability, physical inactivity, and overweight or obesity) were observed, with a greater number of women. Five interventions (55.6%) occurred in primary healthcare settings (PHC) of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Only four studies (44.4%) described the pedagogical frameworks structuring the educational approaches, among which counseling was the most used strategy, such as those carried out through face-to-face meetings, home visits, lectures, and phone calls (n = 8; 88.9%).
Positive results were observed in three different indicators:
increase in weekly PA volume (n = 4); increase in leisure-time PA rate (n = 1); and increase in the proportion of women classified as "very active/active" (n = 1). Given the sampling specificities, the domain "participant selection" showed a high number of interventions with high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS Educational approaches engendered some positive effects on different PA indicators, notably counseling as the main strategy used and approaches involving other health themes, such as nutrition and stress. However, considering the several determinants of PA in Brazil, future interventions should be conducted in different locations of Brazil in order to evaluate, in a broader way, their implementation processes and articulation with the many professionals working in PHC.
RESUMO OBJETIVO Sumarizar as principais evidências de intervenções educativas delineadas para o aumento dos níveis de atividade física (AF) em adultos brasileiros. MÉTODOS Revisão sistemática de estudos de intervenção conduzidos no Brasil, que implementaram componentes educativos com a finalidade de promover o aumento dos níveis de AF em populações de adultos (18 a 65 anos). Em outubro de 2020, buscas sistemáticas foram conduzidas em seis bases de dados e nas listas de referências dos artigos avaliados. RESULTADOS Dos 2.511 artigos iniciais, nove compuseram a síntese. Foram observadas amostras com características específicas (como vulnerabilidade social, inatividade física e sobrepeso ou obesidade), com maior número de mulheres. Cinco intervenções (55,6%) ocorreram nos cenários da atenção primária à saúde (APS) do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Apenas em quatro estudos (44,4%) houve descrição dos referenciais pedagógicos estruturantes das abordagens educativas, dentro os quais o aconselhamento se configurou como a estratégia mais utilizada, como aquelas realizadas por meio de encontros presenciais, visitas domiciliares, palestras e chamadas telefônicas (n = 8; 88,9%).