This article deals with the expression and distribution of Thioredoxins during perinatal asphyxia, and its roll in the regulation of the redox system. Disorders in the gaseous interchange through the placenta and the fetal lungs, can lead to what is known as the perinatal asphyxia (PA). The PA can involve all the organ systems, but has more severe effects on the Central Nervous System (CNS), producing damage as much as in the short term as in the long term. The disturbance recognized as oxidative stress, is considered as a disorder in the normal process of redox regulation. Thioredoxins are a group of proteins involucrated in the regulation of the cellular redox state. The aim of this report was to analyze the changes of the expression of Thioredoxins at a long term sustained on the hypothesis that the disorder at a short term induced by the perinatal asphyxia leds to substantial changes in a large term in the CNS.