Fragilidade, sarcopenia e características sociodemográficas de idosos longevos
The prevalence of (pre) fralty in long-lived elderly trated in an outpacient setting an the association with sociodermographic variables

Estud. interdiscip. envelhec; 25 (3), 2020
Publication year: 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a prevalência de fragilidade e pré--fragilidade em idosos longevos atendidos em contexto ambulatorial, e analisar a associação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas, as síndromes da fragilidade e a sarcopenia. Optou-se por um estudo de delineamento transversal e quantitativo com idosos do ambulatório de Geriatria do Instituto de Cardiologia do Distrito Federal, sendo avaliados pelo: questionário de dados sociodemográficos; questionário de autorrelato, que avalia o risco de sarcopenia pelo SARC-F; e a investigação da fragilidade por meio de cinco fenótipos previamente estabelecidos por Fried et al., (2001). Foi utilizado o teste não paramétrico Qui-quadrado para comparação das variáveis qualitativas e o teste t para amostras independentes para os dados quantitativos. Participaram do estudo 71 idosos com média de idade de 84,73± 3,64 anos, 46 (64,8%) mulheres, sendo que, destas, 25 (54,3%) eram frágeis. Em relação aos homens, no total de 25 (35,2%), cinco (20%) foram considerados frágeis. O total de idosos pré-frágeis foi de 14 (57,7%) e frágeis 30 (42,3%). Em relação aos dados de sarcopenia, 18 (25,3%) dos idosos longevos eram sarcopênicos, sendo que 15 (83,3%) destes eram frágeis e três (16,7%) eram pré-frágeis. Do total de 53 (74,6%) não sarcopênicos, 15 (25,4%) apontaram fragilidade. Conclui-se que as mulheres longevas foram mais vulneráveis à síndrome da fragilidade e houve associação significativa entre a síndrome da fragilidade e a sarcopenia (p=0,04). O emprego desses instrumentos e equipamentos de aplicabilidade simples identificaram as síndromes, sendo estes recomendados a serem implantados na prática clínica.(AU)
The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of frailty and pre--frailty in long-lived elderly patients treated in an outpatient setting, and to analyze the association between sociodemographic variables, frailty syndromes and sarcopenia. It was opted for a cross-sectional and quantitative study with elderly people from the Geriatrics outpatient clinic of the Instituto de Cardiologia do Distrito Federal, being evaluated by the sociodemographic data questionnaire, as well as a self-report questionnaire that assesses the risk of sarcopenia by SARC-F and investigation of frailty through five phenotypes previously established by Fried et al., (2001). The non-parametric Chi-square test was used to compare qualitative variables and the t-test for independent samples for quantitative data. The study included 71 elderly people with a mean age of 84.73 ± 3.64 years, 46 (64.8%) women, 25 of whom (54.3%) were frail. In relation to men, a total of 25 (35.2%), where five (20%) were considered frail. The total number of pre-frail elderly was 14 (57.7%), and frail, 30 (42.3%). Regarding the sarcopenia data, 18 (25.3%) of the long-lived elderly were sarcopenic, 15 (83.3%) of whom were frail and three (16.7%) were pre-frail. Of the total of 53 (74.6%) non-sarcopenic, 15 (25.4%) indicated frailty. It was concluded that long-lived women were more vulnerable to frailty syndrome and there was a significant association between frailty syndrome and sarcopenia (p=0.04). The use of these instruments and equipment of simple applicability identified the syndromes and these are recommended to be implanted in clinical practice.(AU)

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