Characteristics associated with dietary patterns in Brazilian children under two years of age
Características associadas a padrões alimentares em crianças brasileiras menores de dois anos
Rev. saúde pública (Online); 56 (), 2022
Publication year: 2022
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the dietary patterns of Brazilian children under two years of age and assess their association with sociodemographic characteristics and health service use. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with data from the 2013 National Health Survey (PNS). Patterns were found for two age groups by principal component analysis and their correlation with characteristics of interest was tested by linear regression models. RESULTS We found two dietary patterns for our groups. The first consisted of the consumption of fresh or minimally processed foods and the second, of ultra-processed foods. The greater adherence of children between six and 11 months to the first pattern was associated with higher per capita family income and urban residences in the most developed regions of Brazil. At 12 months or more, adherence related to white race/color, higher per capita family incomes, residence in more developed regions, and visits to private childcare. Adherence to the second pattern among children under one year of age was inversely associated with Yellow or Indigenous race/color, residence in the Brazilian Northeast, and childcare in specialized public or private services. At 12 months or more, greater adherence was directly associated with Black or Brown children who resided in more developed regions, and inversely associated with those living in the Brazilian Northeast. CONCLUSION We found two opposite dietary patterns in Brazilian children under two years of age and that several social determinants modify their chance of adhering to these patterns.
RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar padrões alimentares de crianças brasileiras menores de dois anos e verificar a sua associação com características sociodemográficas e de utilização de serviços de saúde. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) de 2013. A identificação dos padrões foi realizada em dois grupos etários por meio da análise fatorial por componentes principais e a correlação às características de interesse, testada por meio de modelos de regressão linear.