Med. infant; 30 (1), 2023
Publication year: 2023
Introducción:
Según numerosos reportes, la pandemia por COVID‐19 aumentó la incidencia de diabetes tipo 1 (DBT1) y cetoacidosis (CAD). Nuestro objetivo fue describir la frecuencia de nuevos casos de DBT1 y su severidad al ingreso en el Hospital J. P. Garrahan durante la pandemia, comparando con el periodo anterior. Material y métodos:
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional, con análisis retrospectivo. Se incluyeron todos los nuevos casos entre 19/03/20- 31/12/21, comparados con el período 19/03/18-31/12/19. El diagnóstico de DBT1, CAD y su severidad se realizó según la International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes. Se analizó el requerimiento de cuidados intensivos (UCI), presencia de COVID-19, hemoglobina glicosilada A1C (HbA1C) y autoanticuerpos (GADA, IAA, IA2, ZNT8). Se consideró significativa una p < 0,05. Resultados:
En el período 2020-2021 se observó un incremento del 107% de nuevos casos, ingresando 56 pacientes con DBT1. La media y mediana de edad disminuyeron (8 vs 9,1 y 7,7 vs 10,4, respectivamente), con un incremento del 35% de menores de 5 años. Aumentó la frecuencia de CAD severa (41.1% vs 25.9%) y de requerimiento de UCI (17.9% vs 11.1%). La Hb A1C y la glucemia de ingreso mostraron incremento significativo (10.1% vs 12.32%, p<0.003 y 580 mg/dl ± 220 vs 490 mg/dl ± 188; p<0.05, respectivamente). Conclusión:
En 2020-2021 se incrementó el número de nuevos casos de DBT1 en nuestra institución. Al ingreso hubo mayor proporción de niños pequeños y casos severos. Las dificultades de acceso a la consulta de atención primaria podrían relacionarse con nuestro hallazgo (AU)
Introduction:
Numerous reports have shown that during the
COVID-19 pandemic the incidence of type-1 diabetes (T1DB)
and ketoacidosis (DKA) increased. The aim of this study was
to describe the frequency of new cases and their severity
on admission of T1DB at Hospital J. P. Garrahan during the
pandemic, compared with the previous period. Material and
methods:
A descriptive, observational study with a retrospective analysis was conducted. All new cases seen between
19/03/20-31/12/21 were included and compared with the period 19/03/18-31/12/19. The diagnosis of T1DB, DKA, and
its severity was made according to the International Society
for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes. Intensive care (ICU)
requirement, presence of COVID-19, glycosylated hemoglobin
A1C (HbA1C), and autoantibodies (GADA, IAA, IA2, ZNT8)
were analyzed. A p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results:
In the period 2020-2021, a 107% increase in new cases was
observed including 56 patients with T1DB. Mean and median
age decreased (8 vs 9.1 and 7.7 vs 10.4, respectively), with a
35% increase in children under 5 years of age. The frequency
of severe DKA (41.1% vs 25.9%) and ICU requirement (17.9%
vs 11.1%) increased. Hb A1C and glycemia on admission also
showed a significant increase (10.1% vs 12.32%, p<0.003 and
580 mg/dl ± 220 vs 490 mg/dl ± 188; p<0.05, respectively).
Conclusion:
In 2020-2021 an increase in the number of new
cases of T1DB was observed at our institution. On admission,
a higher rate of young children and severe cases was found.
Difficulties to access primary care may have been related to
our finding (AU)