The knowledge of memory aging questionnaire (KMAQ) in a Brazilian sample: a questionnaire for informants to recognize early signs of dementia
Experiência do questionário de memória e envelhecimento (KMAQ) em uma amostra brasileira: um questionário para os cuidadores reconhecerem sinais precoces da demência
Dement. neuropsychol; 17 (), 2023
Publication year: 2023
ABSTRACT. Till present, only a few countries have developed support programs for caregivers and families of patients with dementia aimed to improve knowledge, skills, and strategies to deal with the patient's symptoms. However, prior to offering this special support, it is important to identify beliefs and thoughts shared by informants related to cognition in elderly people. Questionnaires are instruments that allow having this information, such as the Knowledge of Memory Aging Questionnaire (KMAQ), which was designed to assess normal and pathological changes in the aging process.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge about cognition, aging, and dementia as evaluated by the KMAQ in people who are in contact with elderly people, with and without cognitive impairment.Methods:
A total of 78 relatives and caregivers of elderly patients were classified into two groups: group 1: relatives of patients with dementia (n1=48), and group 2: relatives of patients without cognitive impairment (n2=30). They were asked to answer some questionnaires about dementia, including the KMAQ.Results:
Comparing the questionnaire's scores for normal cognitive changes items (g1: 0.53 vs.g2:
0.53, p-value: 0.99) did not show differences between the knowledge in both groups, nor shows the scores for pathological cognitive changes items (g1: 0.55 vs.g2:
0.55, p-value: 0.969).Conclusions:
It seems that being in contact with dementia does not improve knowledge about it. Knowledge of normal changes in cognition could make it possible to recognize "red flags" suggestive of neurodegenerative processes, allowing for earlier diagnosis and more options for treatment.
RESUMO. Até o presente momento, poucos países desenvolveram programas destinados a cuidadores e familiares de pacientes com demência, objetivando o aprimoramento de conhecimentos, habilidades e estratégias para lidar com os sintomas dos pacientes. Entretanto, antes de prestar esse suporte especial, faz-se importante identificar crenças e pensamentos compartilhados por informantes acerca da cognição em pessoas idosas. Os questionários são instrumentos que permitem obter essa informação, a exemplo do Questionário de Conhecimento de Memória e Envelhecimento (KMAQ, sigla em inglês), que foi elaborado para avaliar mudanças normais e patológicas no processo de envelhecimento.