Falling of older adults with cognitive impairment: a new home environment evaluation chart and a preliminary examination in the Wakuya Project
Queda de idosos com comprometimento cognitivo: uma nova ficha de avaliação do ambiente domiciliar e um exame preliminar no Projeto Wakuya
Dement. neuropsychol; 17 (), 2023
Publication year: 2023
ABSTRACT. It is important to evaluate the home environment because most fractures in older adults are caused by falls indoors. However, previous studies have not separated individual abilities from environments. Also, the interrelationship between falls, cognitive function, and home environments has not been clarified.
Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to develop an evaluation method specific to the home environment and examine the effects of environment and cognitive impairment on falls.Methods:
This was a case-control study analyzing 95 older adults living in the community. A Visiting Checklist for the Home Environment (VICHe) was developed and examined for reliability and validity. Inter-rater reliability (IRR) was examined by determining Cohen's kappa and the intra-class correlation coefficient. Guttman's split-half method was used for internal consistency, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was obtained. Criterion-related validity was confirmed by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient with the Fall Risk Index's (FRI) total score of the environmental factor items. As a preliminary study, trends in the number of falls by cognitive function and home environment were examined.Results:
The VICHe obtained validity, but the IRR was inadequate. In contrast, the version that focused on the on-floor environment (VICHe-OFI) showed IRR for all items and validity through correlations with the FRI. The number of fallers increased in the cognitive impairment group when the home environment was bad.Conclusions:
Reliability and validity of the VICHe-OFI were obtained. Preliminary examination using this scale indicates that falls in the home of the elderly may be more affected by the home environment as cognitive function declines.
RESUMO. A avaliação do ambiente doméstico é importante pois a maioria das fraturas em idosos é causada por quedas dentro de casa. No entanto, estudos anteriores não separaram as habilidades individuais dos ambientes. Além disso, a inter-relação entre quedas, função cognitiva e ambientes domésticos não foi esclarecida.