Obesidad y su relación con el consumo de alimentos procesados
Obesity and its relationship with the consumption of processed foods
J. health med. sci. (Print); 8 (4), 2022
Publication year: 2022
El consumo de alimentos procesados y ultraprocesados se ha asociado a un mayor riesgo de padecer obesidad. El objetivo principal de esta revisión es analizar la evidencia sobre la relación de la obesidad con el consumo de alimentos procesados y ultraprocesados. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en donde se seleccionaron 10 estudios que relacionaban estas dos variables. Las principales búsquedas electrónicas se realizaron en PubMed, New England Journal Of Medicine, Scielo y Google Académico, en los últimos 5 años. Se incluyeron estudios transversales, prospectivos, longitudinales y descriptivos. Los cuales midieron hábitos alimenticios a través de encuestas de salud y recordatorios de 24 horas. Los alimentos en los estudios se determinaron según clasificación NOVA. Los resultados de los estudios se asociaron de forma positiva y significativa a la relación de la obesidad con el consumo de alimentos procesados y ultraprocesados. La alimentación es un factor de riesgo modificable y a través de políticas públicas se deben generar medidas realistas e innovadoras que promuevan y potencien el consumo de alimentos frescos, naturales o mínimamente procesados
The consumption of processed and ultra processed foods has been associated with an increased risk of obesity. The main objective of this review is to analyze the evidence on the relationship of obesity with the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods. A systematic search was carried out in which 10 studies were selected that related these two variables. The main electronic searches were carried out in PubMed, New England Journal Of Medicine, Scielo and Google Scholar, in the last 5 years. Cross-sectional, prospective, longitudinal and descriptive studies were included. Which measured eating habits through health surveys and 24-hour reminders. The foods in the studies were determined according to NOVA classification. The results of the studies were positively and significantly associated with the relationship of obesity with the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods. Food is a modifiable risk factor and realistic and innovative measures should be generated through public policies that promote and enhance the consumption of fresh, natural or minimally processed foods