Rev. chil. anest; 49 (1), 2020
Publication year: 2020
OBJETIVES:
100 mcg intrathecal morphine (ITM) for hip arthroplasty provides adequate functional recovery and reduces associated complications but is not exempt from opioid-related adverse effects. We evaluate efficacy of a reduced dose of ITM (80 mcg) in terms of anesthetic quality, postoperative analgesia, complication rates and early recovery. METHODS:
Case-control study. Patients under hip arthroplasty were treated on a specific protocol, using neuraxial anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine 10.5-13.5 mg plus 80 mcg ITM versus controls with 100 mcg ITM. Demographic variables, intra and perioperative course were extracted from medical records. Pain severity and morphine associated complications were blindly assessed at regular intervals postoperatively. p < 0.01 were considered significant. RESULTS:
82 patients were analyzed. Mean age was 64.21 years, 62.20% women and 70.73% ASA-2. Main endoprosthesis indication was arthrosis (58.53%). No statistically significant differences in demographic and operative data were found between groups, including surgical time, ambulation time, length of stay, and patient satisfaction for pain management. Mean VAS for pain during first 24 hours was 0.24 for the low ITM group and 0.22 for control. Rescue intravenous morphine was the same between groups. Compared to 80 mcg ITM, 100 mcg showed trends for higher complication rates for respiratory depression (OR 2.58, CI 95% 0.45-14.54, p = 0.28), nausea without vomiting (OR 1.82, CI 95% 0.82-4.01, p = 0.13), urinary retention (OR 2.02, CI 95% 0.88-4.61, p = 0.09) and significantly higher rates of pruritus (OR 3.55, CI 95% 1.61-7.82, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:
80 mcg ITM during spinal anesthesia for hip arthroplasty provided comparable postoperative analgesia and lower incidence of opioid-related adverse effects.
OBJETIVOS:
100 mcg morfina intratecal (ITM), en artroplastia de cadera, proporciona una recuperación funcional adecuada y reduce complicaciones asociadas, pero no está exento de efectos adversos conocidos asociados a opioides. Evaluamos eficacia de reducir dosis (80 mcg ITM) en términos de calidad anestésica, analgesia, complicaciones y recuperación postoperatoria. MÉTODOS:
Estudio de casos y controles. Pacientes sometidos a artroplastia de cadera fueron tratados con anestesia espinal con bupivacaína hiperbárica 10,5-13,5 mg más 80 mcg ITM y controles de manera similar pero con 100 mcg ITM. Variables demográficas, así como intra y perioperatorio, se extrajeron de registros médicos. Severidad del dolor, y complicaciones asociadas a ITM, se evaluaron a ciegas según protocolo, p < 0,01 fue considerado significativo. RESULTADOS:
82 pacientes analizados. Edad promedio fue 64,21 años, 62,20% fueron mujeres y 70,73% ASA-2. Principal indicación de prótesis fue artrosis (58,53%). No se encontraron diferencias estadísticas entre variables demográficas, tiempo quirúrgico, tiempo deambulación, duración hospitalización y satisfacción paciente. EVA promedio dolor, primeras 24 horas, fue 0,24 para grupo 80 mcg ITM y 0,22 para control (100 mcg ITM). Morfina intravenosa de rescate fue similar entre grupos. En comparación con 80 mcg, 100 mcg presentó mayores tasas de complicaciones para depresión respiratoria (OR 2,58, IC95% 0,45-14,54, p = 0,28), náuseas y vómitos (OR 1,82, CI95% 0,82-4,01, p = 0,13), retención urinaria (OR 2,02, CI95% 0,88-4,61, p = 0,09) y prurito (OR 3,55, CI95% 1,61-7,82, p < 0,01). CONCLUSIONES:
80 mcg ITM, en anestesia espinal para artroplastia cadera, proporciona analgesia postoperatoria comparable a 100 mcg pero con menor incidencia de efectos adversos relacionados a opioides.