Objective Analyze the predictors of prognosis in patients with spinal cord trauma (SCT) in a tertiary hospital. Method Study prospective with 321 patients. The analysis focused on patient-related data, cause of accident, anatomical distribution, neurologic status, associated injuries, length of hospital stay, and in-hospital complications/mortality. Results The SCT was more common in men, but women older than 50 years presented a higher risk than men of the same age. Automobile accidents, motorcycle accidents, and gunshots resulted in more injuries associated. The cervical spine involvement was directly related to an increase in the number of associated injuries, complications, and mortality. Already, the neurologic status ASIA-A was associated with an increase in the number of complications, length of stay, and mortality. Conclusion The predictive factors of prognosis in these patients included age, sex, cause of injury, anatomic distribution, and neurologic status.