Influence of microhabitats on the performance of herbaceous species in areas of mature and secondary forest in the semiarid region of Brazil
Influencia de microhábitats en el desempeño de especies herbáceas en áreas de bosque maduro y secundario en la región semiárida de Brasil
Rev. biol. trop; 63 (2), 2015
Publication year: 2015
The conditions for plant establishment in mature forest are different from those found in disturbed areas. In dry environments, the herbaceous cover is the most important in the recolonization of deforested areas. It can, therefore, act as an ideal biological group for assessing how changes in habitat heterogeneity affect the resilience of dry forests. The aim of this research was to evaluate whether natural regeneration of the herbaceous stratum differed between areas of mature and secondary forest of Caatinga and to describe this process. The study took place in the Brazilian semiarid region during the rainy season 2011 (January to August), where fifty 1m² plots were set up, 25 allocated to the microhabitat established as between canopies and 25 to the microhabitat under the canopy. The herbaceous species selected for the study were Delilia biflora (Asteraceae), Gomphrena vaga (Amaranthaceae) and Pseudabutilon spicatum (Malvaceae), abundant species occurring in both areas. All individuals from the selected populations were counted, marked with sequential numbers, and the height of the stem was measured. Differences between areas, and in size and survival between microhabitats, were found only for the first two species. Fruit production was higher in the mature forest for the three species.
The study concluded that:
1. The effect of the microhabitats between canopies and under the canopy in mature and secondary forest areas depends on the species considered; 2. Populations sensitive to light intensity differ in number of individuals, height and fruit production; and 3. The resilience of anthropogenic areas in semiarid environments can be characterized by the presence of spatial heterogeneity with regard to the emergence and survival of herbaceous seedlings, suggesting that the regeneration of disturbed areas may occur in patches. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63 (2): 357-368. Epub 2015 June 01.
Las condiciones para el establecimiento de las plantas (agua, luz, nutrientes, etc.) en los fragmentos preservados se diferencian de las encontradas en áreas perturbadas. En ambientes secos, la cubierta herbácea predomina en la recolonización de áreas despejadas y puede actuar como un buen grupo biológico para evaluar los impactos de los cambios de la heterogeneidad de hábitats en el proceso de resiliencia de los bosques secos. Ante de esto, el objetivo fue evaluar si la regeneración natural de la capa herbácea difería entre áreas preservadas y áreas de Caatinga perturbadas y describir cómo ocurre esto. El estudio se realizó en la región semiárida brasileña durante la temporada de lluvias, donde 50 parcelas de 1m² fueron establecidas, 25 de las cuales se ubicaron en el microhábitat llamado entre dosel y 25 en bajo dosel.