Aplicación del modelo de violencia laboral de Chappell y Di Martino adaptado al usuario hospitalizado
Application of the Chappell and Di Martino Model of Violence at Work to Hospitalized Users
Aplicação do modelo de violência no trabalho de Chappell e Di Martino adaptado para o usuário hospitalizado
Aquichan; 11 (1), 2011
Publication year: 2011
La violencia es un fenómeno que involucra a seres humanos en diversas circunstancias y entornos, afectando la salud, el desarrollo social y económico de sectores de la población y a instituciones sanitarias. Investigación cuantitativa descriptiva correlacional transversal, cuyos objetivos fueron: validar los factores del modelo de Chappell y Di Martino en los usuarios hospitalizados, medir la violencia que estos perciben hacia ellos y construir una escala para medir violencia en el contexto hospitalario. La muestra no probabilística estuvo conformada por 510 usuarios hospitalizados durante el 2008, a quienes previo consentimiento informado se les aplicó el instrumento, que fue confeccionado y validado por las autoras. Entre los resultados se encontró que al aplicar la escala de percepción de violencia, el 100 % de los usuarios manifestaron percibir violencia en las diversas dimensiones.
Las variables significativas en la percepción de violencia fueron:
edad, sexo, previsión, situación laboral, ingreso familiar, calidad de atención, antecedentes de violencia en la adultez, consumo de alcohol, agente agresor, recursos humanos y físicos. Se concluye que el modelo interactivo de violencia laboral de Chappell y Di Martino tiene aplicación en los usuarios en ambientes hospitalarios, ya que las variables que componen los factores también se presentan en estos contextos de salud.
Violence is a phenomenon that affects human beings in different circumstances and surroundings, influencing health, the social and economic development of population groups, and health-care institutions.
Method:
A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional, quantitative study was done to validate the factors of the Chappell and Di Martino model in hospitalized users, to measure the violence they perceive as being directed towards them, and to construct a scale for measuring violence in the hospital context. It featured a non-probability sample comprised of 510 hospital users in 2008, who gave prior informed consent to application of the instrument, which was designed and validated by the authors. In terms of the results, application of the violence perception scale showed 100% of the users indicated having perceived violence in various dimensions. The significant variables in violence perception were age, gender, sensation, job situation, family income, quality of care, history of violence in adulthood, alcohol consumption, aggressor agent, and human and fiscal resources. It was concluded Chappell and Di Martino's interactive model of violence at work is applicable to users in hospital environments, since the variables that comprise the factors also are found in these health-care contexts.
A violência, um fenômeno que envolve seres humanos em várias circunstâncias e ambientes, afeta a saúde, o desenvolvimento social e econômico de setores da população, e as instituições de saúde.