How we think about depression: The role of linguistic framing
Como pensamos sobre la depresión: el rol del encuadre lingüístico
Rev. latinoam. psicol; 48 (2), 2016
Publication year: 2016
Descriptions of emotional disorders vary according to cultural and historical context. Framing mental illness as a disease - as opposed to being a consequence of psychosocial factors - has been proposedías a strategy to fight stigma in recent years. Here we combine two studies, a corpus analysis and an experimental survey, to explore this issue in the case of Spanish. First, we conducted a corpus analysis to investigate the patterns of linguistic framing of depression -including disease like descriptions and metaphorical frames using data from Latin American countries.
Two main patterns were identified:
(1) depression is frequently framedías a brain disease. In line with medicalization trends observed worldwide, this pattern has increased over time. (2) The data showed that depression is also metaphorically construedías a place in space or as an opponent. Second, we investigated whether the instantiation of subtle linguis tic cues influences people's perception of a description of a hypothetical case of depression. A survey experiment conducted among Colombian students revealed that when depression was framedías a disease, the participants' perception of the depressed person's responsibility was reduced. Moreover, disease-like descriptions and metaphorical frames influenced participants' initial interpretations of the role of social causal factors.
Las descripciones de los desórdenes emocionales varian de acuerdo a la cultura y los contextos históricos. Recientemente, se ha propuesto que enmarcar lingüisticamente estos desórdenes como enfermedades - en contraposición a consecuencias de factores psicosociales - podría ser una estrategia para combatir estigmas. En este trabajo combinamos un análisis del corpus lingüistico y un estudio experimental para explorar las caracteristicas y consecuencias del enmarque lingüistico en español para el caso de la depresión. En primer lugar investigamos la frecuencia de distintos patrones de enmarque - incluyendo enmarque de enfermedad y otros enmarques metafóricos usando datos provenientes de distintos paises de Latinoamérica.