Factors associated with overactive bladder syndrome in the elderly community: a cross-sectional study

Bontempo, Albênica Paulino dos Santos; Alves, Aline Teixeira; Martins, Gabriela de Sousa; Jácomo, Raquel Henriques; Malschik, Danieli Coeli; Menezes, Ruth Losada de

Abstract Objective:

to identify risk factors related to overactive bladder syndrome.

Method:

a cross-sectional study was performed with elderly women (>60 years) from the community of Ceilândia, in the Distrito Federal, Brazil, with or without symptoms of OBS, who were evaluated through interviews and questionnaires.

The clinical and sociodemographic variables analyzed were:

age; body mass index (BMI); parity, schooling, previous abdominal and urogynecologic surgeries, physical activity, smoking, constipation, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), diabetes mellitus; depression and anxiety. The questionnaires applied were the Overactive Bladder Awareness Tool (OAB-V8), the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Beck Anxiety Scale. Data were analyzed descriptively. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the significant associations between the independent variables and the outcome of interest. Risk ratios were calculated for each independent variable with 95% confidence intervals.

Result:

A total of 372 volunteers were recruited, 292 of whom were eligible. Of these, 172 were allocated to the case group (58.9%) and 120 (41.1%) were control subjects. The two groups were homogeneous between one another. There was a high prevalence of OBS in the study population and significant differences for the variables presence of SAH, abdominal surgery and pelvic surgery, with the case group presenting a higher frequency of these events. In multivariate analysis, it was observed that an active sexual life reduces the chance of having OBS by 70.8%, while urogynecologic surgeries increase this risk 3.098 times.

Conclusion:

In univariate logistic regression analysis, BMI, SAH, a previous history of abdominal and urogynecologic surgery, number of abortions and the presence of symptoms of depression and anxiety, were found to be factors associated with OBS. AU

Resumo Objetivo:

Identificar os fatores clínicos e sociodemográficos associados à Síndrome da Bexiga Hiperativa (SBH).

Método:

Estudo transversal, realizado com idosas (>60 anos) da comunidade de Ceilândia, DF, Brasil; avaliadas por meio de entrevistas e questionários.

As variáveis clínicas e sociodemográficas analisadas foram:

idade; índice de massa corpórea (IMC); paridade, escolaridade, cirurgias abdominais e uroginecológicas prévias, prática de atividade física, tabagismo, constipação, hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS), diabetes mellitus; depressão e ansiedade. Os questionários aplicados foram Overactive Bladder Awerenees Tool (OAB-V8), Escala de Depressão Geriátrica e Escala de Ansiedade de Beck. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente. Utilizou-se a regressão logística binária para avaliar as associações significativas entre as variáveis independentes e o desfecho de interesse. As razões de risco foram calculadas para cada variável independente com intervalos de 95% de confiança.

Resultados:

Recrutou-se 372 voluntárias, sendo elegíveis 292, destas, 172 eram grupo caso (58,9%) e 120 (41,1%) eram grupo controle. Observou-se alta prevalência de SBH na população estudada, além de diferenças significativas para as variáveis: presença de HAS; ter realizado cirurgia abdominal ou cirurgia pélvica, sendo que o grupo caso apresentou maior frequência desses eventos. Na análise multivariada, observou-se que vida sexual ativa reduz em 70,8% a chance de ter SBH, e cirurgias uroginecológicas aumentam em 3,098 vezes esse risco.

Conclusão:

Na análise de regressão logística univariada, o IMC, a HAS, a história prévia de cirurgia abdominal e uroginecológica, quantidade de abortos, presença de sintomas de depressão e ansiedade, apresentaram-se como fatores associados à SBH. AU