Consumption of ultra-processed foods and their impact on the diet of young adults
Consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e impacto na dieta de adultos jovens
Rev. saúde pública (Online); 49 (), 2015
Publication year: 2015
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the consumption of ultra-processed foods, its associated factors, and its influence on nutrient intake in young adults.METHODS In 2004-2005, the individuals belonging to the Pelotas birth cohort of 1982 were identified for a home interview. A total of 4,297 individuals were interviewed and 4,202 individuals were included in the study (follow-up rate of 77.4%). Diet was assessed using a questionnaire on dietary intake and the percentage of daily caloric intake attributed to ultra-processed foods as well as the intake of macro- and micronutrients were estimated. The association between cohort characteristics and the consumption of ultra-processed foods was assessed using linear regression. Analysis of variance and Pearson's Chi-square test were used to evaluate the association between the quintiles of the consumption of ultra-processed food, nutrient intake and adequacy of nutrient intake, respectively.RESULTS The consumption of ultra-processed foods corresponded to 51.2% of the total caloric intake. The consumption of ultra-processed foods was higher among women, individuals with higher education, and individuals who were never poor and eutrophic. The increased consumption of ultra-processed foods was positively correlated with the consumption of fat, cholesterol, sodium, iron, calcium, and calories (p < 0.001) and was negatively correlated with the consumption of carbohydrates, protein, and dietary fiber (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS The high consumption of ultra-processed foods and its positive correlation with the intake of sodium, cholesterol, and fats underscores the need to perform interventions aimed at decreasing the intake of this food group.
OBJETIVO Avaliar o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados, os fatores associados e a sua influência na ingestão de nutrientes em adultos jovens.MÉTODOS Em 2004-2005, os participantes da Coorte de Nascimentos de Pelotas de 1982 foram identificados para entrevista domiciliar. Foram entrevistados 4.297 indivíduos (taxa de acompanhamento de 77,4%) e incluídos no estudo 4.202. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por meio de questionário de frequência alimentar e estimada a proporção da ingestão calórica diária atribuída aos alimentos ultraprocessados, bem como a ingestão de macro e micronutrientes. A associação entre características dos indivíduos e consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados foi avaliada utilizando-se regressão linear. A análise de variância e o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson foram utilizados na associação entre quintis de consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados, ingestão e na adequação da ingestão de nutrientes, respectivamente.RESULTADOS O consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados contribuiu com 51,2% das calorias totais ingeridas.