Adequate control of hypertension among older adults: ELSI-Brazil
Controle da hipertensão arterial entre adultos mais velhos: ELSI-Brasil
Rev. saúde pública (Online); 52 (supl.2), 2018
Publication year: 2018
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of adequate control of hypertension among older adults and to examine its association with predisposing and enabling factors and the need to use health services. METHODS The analysis was carried out with 4,148 participants (≥ 50 years) from the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), who reported being hypertensive and using antihypertensive medication. Adequate control of hypertension was defined as systolic and diastolic blood pressure below 140 mmHg and 90 mmHg, respectively.
The following exploratory variables were included:
age, sex, health behaviors, and body mass index (predisposing factors); region of residence, rural or urban residence, education level, socioeconomic status of the household, and coverage by private health plan (enabling factors); and medical diagnosis of diabetes (need). The multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson regression and binary logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of adequate control of hypertension was equal to 51.1% (95%CI 48.5-53.6). After adjusting for potential confounders, we observed statistically significant associations (p < 0.05) for education level > 4 years [prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.12 in relation to the lowest level], highest quintile of the socioeconomic status (PR = 1.22 in relation to the lowest quintile), coverage by private health plan (PR = 1.13), residence in the South (PR = 1.19) and Midwest regions (PR = 1.20) in relation to the Southeast region, and obesity (PR = 1.10). CONCLUSIONS Half of the population studied had adequate control of hypertension. The improvement of this control is an important challenge, which should consider overcoming social and regional inequalities associated with it.
RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar a prevalência do controle adequado da hipertensão arterial sistêmica entre adultos mais velhos e examinar a sua associação com fatores predisponentes, facilitadores e de necessidade para o uso de serviços de saúde. MÉTODOS A análise foi conduzida em 4.148 participantes (≥ 50 anos) da linha de base do Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde dos Idosos Brasileiros (ELSI-Brasil), que informaram ser hipertensos e estar em uso de medicação anti-hipertensiva. O controle adequado da hipertensão arterial foi definido pela pressão sistólica e diastólica inferior a 140 mmHg e 90 mmHg, respectivamente.