Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral en adultos mayores de una poblacion peruana
Quality of life related for oral health in older adults in Peruvian population
Kiru; 10 (2), 2013
Publication year: 2013
Determinar la autopercepci¢n de la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud oral en personas atendidas en la Casa del Adulto Mayor de la Municipalidad de Chorrillos, Lima, Per£. Material y mtodos. El estudio fue de tipo descriptivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 164 adultos mayores seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabil¡stico con voluntarios. La informaci¢n se obtuvo mediante una entrevista estructurada; el instrumento de recolecci¢n de datos incluy¢ informaci¢n sobre la edad, sexo, nivel educativo, presencia de enfermedades sistmicas y el Õndice de Salud Oral Geri trico (GOHAI). Se realiz¢ el an lisis descriptivo de los indicadores, agrup ndolos en frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Para evaluar la relaci¢n entre la autopercepci¢n de salud oral y el sexo, nivel educativo y presencia de enfermedades sistmicas se emple¢ la prueba chi cuadrado con un nivel de significancia de 5%. Resultados. La mayor¡a de la muestra present¢ una mala autopercepci¢n de su salud oral (77,4%), seguido por regular (18,3%). No se encontr¢ relaci¢n entre la autopercepci¢n de salud oral y el sexo (p: 0,239), con el nivel educativo (p: 0,085), ni con la existencia de enfermedades sistmicas (p:0,438). Conclusiones. La mayor parte de la muestra present¢ una autopercepci¢n mala de su salud oral y requiere de atenci¢n odontol¢gica, servicio que debe ser incluido en los programas integrales de salud del estado. Asimismo, el GOHAI constituye un instrumento de sencilla aplicaci¢n, que permite evaluar la autopercepci¢n de salud oral y detectar las necesidades de atenci¢n del adulto mayor; sin embargo, se requieren estudios adicionales que permitan validar el instrumento y evaluar su aplicaci¢n en programas preventivos de salud.
To determine the self-perceived quality of life related to oral health in elderly served in the House for the Elderly in the Municipality of Chorrillos, Lima, Peru. Material and methods. The study was descriptive. The sample consisted of 164 elderly selected using non-probability sampling with volunteers. The information was obtained by a structured interview; the data collection instrument included information on age, sex, educational level, presence of systemic diseases and the Geriatric Oral Health Index (GOHAI). We performed a descriptive analysis of the indicators, grouped in absolute and relative frequencies. To evaluate the relationship between self-rated oral health and sex, educational level and presence of systemic diseases Chi square test was used with a significance level of 5%. Results. The majority of the sample had a bad self-perceived oral health (77.4%), followed by regular (18.3%). No relationship was found between self-rated oral health and sex (P = 0.239), neither with educational level (P = 0.085), neither the existence of systemic disease (P = 0.438). Conclusions. The majority of the sample has a bad self-perceived oral health and need dental care, service should be included in government health programs. Also, the GOHAI provides a means of simple application, designed to measure self-perceived oral health and identify the needs of the elderly care, but additional studies to validate the instrument and assess their application in preventive health programs are required.