Malaria remains one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the tropics and subtropics, andMozambiqueisnotanexception. To design geographically targeted and effective intervention mechanisms of malaria, an up-to-date map that shows the spatial distribution of malaria is needed.

This study analyzed 2018 Mozambique Malaria Indicator Survey using geostatistical methods to:

i) explore individual, household, and community-level determinants of malaria in under-five children, ii) prepare a malaria prevalence map in Mozambique, andiii) produce prediction prevalence maps and exceedence probability across the country. Theresults show the overall weighted prevalence of malaria was 38.9% (N = 4347, with 95%CI:36.9%–40.8%).Across different provinces of Mozambique, the prevalence of malaria ranges from 1% in Maputo city to 57.3% in Cabo Delgado province. Malaria prevalence was found to be higher in rural areas, increased with child’s age, and decreased with household wealth index and mother’s level of education. Given the high prevalence of childhood malaria observed in Mozambique there is an urgent need for effective public health interventions in malaria hot spot areas. The household determinants of malaria infection that are identified in this study as well as the maps of parasitaemia risk coul