Rotavirus A infection in pre- and post-vaccine period: Risk factors, genotypes distribution by vaccination status and age of children in Nampula Province, Northern Mozambique (2015-2019)

PLos ONE; (), 2021
Ano de publicação: 2021

Globally, Rotavirus A (RVA) remains the leading cause of severe acute gastroenteritis associated with high childhood hospitalization and mortality, accounting for an estimated 128,515 deaths among children under five years old in 2016 [1, 2]. In Sub-Saharan Africa, RVA associated morbidity and mortality is exceptionally high with approximately 104,733 children dying annually from the disease [3]. In 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended the introduction of RVA vaccine in all countries, particularly in those with high child mortality [4]. In 2021, four attenuated oral rotavirus vaccines are licensed and available globally: Rotarix® (GlaxoSmithKline Biologics, Rixensart, Belgium), RotaTeq® (Merck & Co., USA), Rotavac® (Bharat Biotech, India), and Rotasiil® (Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd. India) [5]. A systematic review of the RVA vaccination impact on hospitalizations and deaths from 27 countries, found a 67% reduction in children’s hospitalization and outpatient care and a 60% decline in childhood mortality due to RVA gastroenteritis in 2016 [6]. Rotavirus morbidity decreased from 38% to 23% in 82 countries between 2008 and 2016 [7].

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