In 2021, there were more than 150,000 new HIV infections among children; however, only 52% of children living with HIV were on antiretroviral treatment (ART) [1]. Untreated infants and young children are at high risk for rapid disease progression and death [2, 3]; early diagnosis and rapid treatment can prevent these outcomes [3]. In 2021, however, less than 65% of HIV-exposed infants received an infant test within the first 2 months of age [1]. The median time between sample collection to the results being received at the clinic was over 40 days in a recent systematic review of laboratorybased, standard-of-care infant testing in low- and middleincome countries [4]. Further, 15% of infants were known to have died during the prolonged lag time between testing and ART initiation. Fortunately, HIV nucleic acid tests for infant diagnosis that can be performed closer to the patient and provide results on the same day of sample collection are now available and have been approved by regulatory authorities [5]. In 2016, WHO conditionally recommended the use of point-of-care technologies for infant diagnosis [6], a recommendation then based on low-certainty evidence from only two diagnostic accuracy studies. Since then, there have been new data supporting the diagnostic accuracy of these tests and the clinical benefit when results are provided on the same day with linkage to immediate action—a rapid HIV test and treat approach for infants. A systematic review of 12 studies found the diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care technologies was greater than 98% sensitive and 99% specific [7]. In addition, a recent systematic review on the clinical impact of point-of-care testing identified seven studies that included 37,000 infants across 15 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. This study demonstrated that same-day point-of-care testing significantly reduced the time from sample collection to result delivery to caregivers compared to laboratory-based testing from 35 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 35–37) to 0 days (95% CI: 0–0) and from sample collection to ART initiation among infants testing positive from 39.5 days (95% CI: 36–44) to 0 days (95% CI: 0–1) [8]. The overall proportion of infants living with HIV initiating ART within 60 days was 90% (95% CI: 77–97) when tested at the point of care compared to 52% (95% CI: 27–76) when tested using laboratory-based assays. Infants living with HIV tested using same-day point-of-care...